Marks and Spencer

Marks and Spencer, Ltd., (M&S) has recorded consistent pattern of growth in its operations over the long period of its history and more specifically, during 1981-1988. However, the firm faced significant challenges throughout the 80s due to many factors like poor show of its own brand in the Canadian operations as opposed to its other local brands viz., Peoples/DдЫЄAlliardдЫЄs, failure to reach profitable customers in France, and the need to refurbish stores across UK for greater customer satisfaction. Its strategies in UK revolved around a) supply management b) brand power c) customer orientation and d) empowerment of employees. As it moved into the 90s, M&S needed to overcome the challenges identified above (Montgomery, 1994, HBS Case study # 9-391-089).